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Embedded Systems Programming
Technologics Specialized in Providing Corporate training in embedded c microcontroller program for Freshers and experienced programmers who like the structured setting of a university environment to learn the basics of the programming language at the heart of embedded systems programming.Course materials may include video/audio lectures, lecture transcripts, student projects/problems and solutions, online assessments, online text books and interactive simulations.Our Embedded systems training program includes all the basics of embedded c and microcontroller programming.
An embedded system is some combination of computer hardware and software, either fixed in capability or programmable, that is specifically designed for a particular function. Industrial machines, automobiles, medical equipment, cameras, household appliances, airplanes, vending machines and toys (as well as the more obvious cellular phone and PDA) are among the myriad possible hosts of an embedded system . Embedded system that are programmable are provided with programming interfaces, and embedded system programming is a specialized occupation.
Certain operating systems or language platforms are tailored for the embedded system market, such as Embedded Java and Windows XP Embedded. However, some low-end consumer products use very inexpensive microprocessors and limited storage, with the application and operating system both part of a single program. The program is written permanently into the systems memory in this case, rather than being loaded into RAM(random access memory) like programs on a personal computer.
INTRODUCTION ABOUT C
Embedded C is a general-purpose high level language that was originally developed by Dennis Ritchie for the Unix operating system. It was first implemented on the Digital Equipment Corporation PDP-11 computer in 1972.
The Unix operating system and virtually all Unix applications are written in the Embedded C Language . Embedded C has now become a widely used professional language for various reasons.
Easy to learn
1)Structured language
2)It produces efficient programs.
3)It can handle low-level activities.
4)It can be compiled on a variety of computers.
Facts about C
1)Embedded C was invented to write an operating system called UNIX.
2)Embedded C is a successor of B language which was introduced around 1970.
3)The language was formalized in 1988 by the American National Standard Institue (ANSI).
4)By 1973 UNIX OS almost totally written in C.
5)Today Embedded C is the most widely used System Programming Language.
6)Most of the state of the art software have been implemented using Embedded C.
Why to use Embedded C
C was initially used for system development work, in particular the programs that make-up the operating system. C was adoped as a system development language because it produces code that runs nearly as fast as code written in assembly language.
Some examples of the use of Embedded C might be
1)Operating Systems
2)Language Compilers
3)Assemblers
4)Text Editors
5)Print Spoolers
6)Network Drivers
7)Modern Programs
8)Data Bases
9)Language Interpreters
10)Utilities
C Program File
All the Embedded C programs are written into text files with extension ".c" for example hello.c. You can use "vi" editor to write your Embedded C program into a file.This tutorial assumes that you know how to edit a text file and how to write programming instructions inside a program file.
Embedded C Compilers
When you write any program in Embedded C language then to run that program you need to compile that program using a Embedded C Compiler which converts your program into a language understandable by a computer. This is called machine language (ie. binary format). So before proceeding, make sure you have Embedded C Compiler available at your computer. It comes along with all flavors of Unix and Linux.
If you are working over Unix or Linux then you can type gcc -v or cc -v and check the result. You can ask your system administrator or you can take help from anyone to identify an available Embedded C Compiler at your computer.
If you don't have Embedded C compiler installed at your computer then you can use below given link to download a GNU C Compiler and use it.
A Embedded C program basically has the following form
1)Preprocessor Commands
2)Functions
3)Variables
4)Statements & Expressions
5)Comments.
EXAMPLE OF Embedded C PROGRAMMING
The following program is written in the Embedded C programming language. Open a text file hello.c using vi editor and put the following lines inside that file.
//////#include
int main()
{
/* My first program */
printf("Hello, World! \n");
return 0;
}/////////
Preprocessor Commands
These commands tells the compiler to do preprocessing before doing actual compilation. Like #include
Functions
Functions are main building blocks of any C Program.Every C Program will have one or more functions and there is one mandatory function which is called main() function. This function is prefixed with keyword int which means this function returns an integer value when it exits. This integer value is retured using return statement.
The Embedded C Programming language provides a set of built-in functions.In the above example printf() is a C built-in function which is used to print anything on the screen. Check Builtin function section for more detail.
You will learn how to write your own functions and use them in Using Function session.
Variables
Variables are used to hold numbers, strings and complex data for manipulation.You will learn in detail about variables in C Variable Types.
Statements & Expressions : Expressions combine variables and constants to create new values. Statements are expressions, assignments, function calls, or control flow statements which make up C programs.
Comments
Comments are used to give additional useful information inside a Embedded C Program . All the comments will be put inside /*...*/ as given in the example above.A comment can span through multiple lines.
INTRODUCTION ABOUT EMBEDDED C
Embedded C is a set of language extensions for the Embedded C Programmming language by the C Standards committee to address commonality issues that exist between C extensions for different embedded system .Historically, embedded C programming requires nonstandard extensions to the C language in order to support exotic features such as fixed-point arithmetic, multiple distinct memory banks, and basic I/O operations.
The Embedded C Standards Committee extended the C language to address these issues by providing a common standard for all implementations to adhere to. It includes a number of features not available in normal Embedded C , such as, fixed-point arithmetic, named address spaces, and basic I/O hardware addressing.
Embedded C uses most of the syntax and semantics of standard C, e.g., main() function, variable definition, datatype declaration, conditional statements (if, switch, case), loops (while, for), functions, arrays and strings, structures and union, bit operations, macros, etc.
